For Cross Sierra, the path from college to career has included an accelerated MBA, a nationwide job search, and crashing on friends' couches.
The 23-year-old hopes to become a high school athletic director. So far, though, he's only become frustrated by what feels like an impossible job market to break into.
"What more do I have to do?" he asks.
Economists and workplace observers say it's a question many recent graduates are asking. Despite the usual advice about the importance of networking and conducting a targeted job search, the market for entry-level workers is tougher than it was a few years ago.
Hiring has slowed across much of the economy, leaving fewer openings and longer searches for many newcomers. In fields that tend to draw fresh grads — including finance, professional and business services, and healthcare — hiring rates are about as low as they've been since the pandemic, said Dante DeAntonio, senior director of economic research at Moody's Analytics.
Job seekers might need to consider pivoting their approach. If you're applying only to big-name companies, you could widen your search to include smaller employers. If you're an accounting major focused on landing a job at a Big Four firm, you might also look at accounting roles in other industries. And if you're set on a full-time job, you may need to consider an internship as a way in.
"Focus on getting your foot in the door, even if it's not the ideal thing you want," economist Guy Berger said. "Once you have a job, it becomes much less stressful to look for another one."
Berger said both high school and college graduates should expect a longer job search and be flexible with offers.
The underemployment rate for recent college graduates has edged down from its 2025 high of 42.4%, but at 41.5% in March, it is still above its late 2024 low. That data, published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, suggests some graduates are taking positions that don't require their years of schooling.
In the hot post-pandemic labor market of 2022, job hunters could be picky, Berger said. If they didn't like something, it was easy to move on. "Now, it's the kind of thing where you might have to bide your time more," he said.
College graduates are going to have to be flexible
The difficulty of finding work can depend on where you are hoping to end up. Cory Stahle, senior economist at the job platform Indeed, said healthcare and education jobs have clear pathways that could make the job search less onerous.
"They're going to have an easier time finding a job versus something that's more kind of market-based," he said of grads looking for work in those fields. Healthcare, in general, has been propping up the job market — and helped keep overall job growth positive in 2025 as hiring has lagged in other industries.
Another possible hiccup for new grads: AI. Some large companies have been laying off workers while investing in technology. That search for efficiency will push some employers to cut back on hiring less-experienced workers in hopes that AI could take on some of the load, DeAntonio said.
"The first domino to fall is likely to be a pullback in hiring amongst younger workers," he said.
Anxiety about AI and its effect on work is spilling into graduation ceremonies, where some students have booed speakers who mention the technology.
Priya Rathod, workplace trends editor at Indeed, said grads might have to take a less direct route into their careers than they did a few years ago, though that doesn't make those paths any less promising.
"Your career is going to be more like a lattice than a ladder, so remember that even if you don't have the perfect role right now, it doesn't inhibit you from getting that perfect role down the road," Rathod said.
Graduates might need to rethink what a first step looks like. Contract work, temporary jobs, and internships can help build experience while the search for a permanent role continues. Postings on Indeed through April suggest demand for interns has been pretty strong, roughly in line with 2024 levels and above 2025. While some internships are limited to enrolled students, the positions can lead to full-time offers.
"It's going to help you understand how the company functions," Rathod said. "It's going to help you make connections within the company."
Rathod also pointed to the National Federation of Independent Business's jobs report, which showed that about a third of small business owners had openings they couldn't fill — the highest level since June 2025.
She said that smaller employers can offer graduates a wider range of experiences and greater opportunities to build relationships with senior colleagues who could become mentors.
"It can help give you access to things that you wouldn't be able to engage in or projects you wouldn't be able to engage in at larger companies," Rathod said of smaller firms.
People can also pivot how they job search
Instead of only looking at job boards, take the hunt to social media. Anya Roodnitsky, who attended Dartmouth College, landed a job after a video on Instagram went viral, leading to coffee chats and new connections.
"I was sitting in the kitchen, and had just hit 'submit' on my 300th application. I was like, 'This isn't working,'" Roodnitsky said in an as-told-to essay with Business Insider. "It hit me that I should create a funny presentation video."
Someone who saw her video flagged a job posting at an energy company. "I applied, and the company's recruiter reached out the next day," Roodnitsky said.
For Sierra, who completed his MBA in May at a college in New Hampshire, the plan is to stay with a friend and spend the summer coaching for a travel baseball club in Massachusetts. If that doesn't turn into a full-time gig, he'll continue searching — as he has for more than a year.
"I've just got to keep my head down and keep going," Sierra said. "This too will end."
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Madison Hoff is a reporter on Business Insider’s economy team. She covers the labor market, inflation, spending, and other data. In addition to covering new estimates and trends, her workforce reporting includes career pivots, job searching, and side hustles.She also covers downsizing, particularly people selling their houses to pursue RV living. She has also reported on how much teachers spend out of pocket and what it’s like being a caregiver.Her stories often cover the state of the economy, what experts are saying, and how people are navigating the workplace or their careers.Previously, she was a junior reporter and data editorial fellow on the Strategy team.A few of her stories:
- Job-market trend: Welcome to the 'Great Freeze': Why companies aren't firing, workers can't grow, and the unemployed can't get jobs
- Job-market trend: Everyone's focused on AI — but it's aging Americans who are quietly rewiring the job market
- Career pivot: I retired early from my federal job and took a part-time job at TJ Maxx. I'm happier and less stressed.
- Downsizing/RV living: An empty-nester couple who traded in a $400K house for an $80K RV explain their favorite parts of retirement on the road
- Job searching: People who haven't had steady work for at least a year are networking, doing temporary jobs, and soul-searching
- Side hustles: A millennial who used side hustles to pay off debt explains the lucrative and easy ones she recommends
- Teacher spending: A teacher who spent more than $5,000 of her own money to make a cozy classroom explains why it helps kids learn
Tim reports on the workplace and how forces like automation, artificial intelligence, and remote work will reshape how many of us make a living. Previously, Tim was Business Insider's future-of-business editor where he oversaw coverage of sustainability; diversity, equity, and inclusion issues; the future of work; careers; and C-suite developments. He previously worked in various corporate research roles, in higher ed, and wrote about Wall Street and the stock market for the Associated Press.Contact Tim via email or the encrypted messaging app Signal at tparadis.70.Links to some of his most popular stories:
- Meta and Salesforce are looking to rehire some workers they just laid off. It's putting those people in an awkward spot.
- I thought I landed my dream job at Amazon. But after being put on an impossible performance plan, I quit even though I lost a $110,000 deposit on a house.
- Gen Z calls it 'quiet quitting.' Millennials call it setting boundaries. Gen X calls it 'slacking off.' 3 generations unpack the buzzy workplace trend.
- Meta's latest round of layoffs will hurt productivity and damage employee morale
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